Spatial and temporal regulation of biosynthesis of the plant immune signal salicylic acid PNAS
Analysing ICS1 gene expression using transgenic plants expressing ICS1 promoter:reporter gene (ฮฒ-glucuronidase) constructs and by measuring steady-state ICS1 transcript levels showed that SA positively regulates ICS1. In contrast, ICS2, which is expressed at lower levels than ICS1, is unaffected by SA. The wound-response hormone JA affects.
Expression profile of an SA biosynthetic gene, ICS1, and SA levels in... Download Scientific
ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE (ICS) catalyzes the isomerization of chorismate to isochorismate, an essential precursor in the biosynthesis of the Photosystem I electron carrier phylloquinone and of one of two pathways for the biosynthesis of the defense response hormone salicylic acid (SA). We characterized a Zea mays ics1 mutant for impacts on metabolism, photosynthesis, and immune signaling.
ChIP analysis of recruitment of SARD1 to the promoter of ICS1. (A) GFP... Download Scientific
The binding of TCP8 to the ICS1 promoter was further confirmed by EMSA and ChIP assays. The induction of ICS1 expression and SA accumulation was modestly reduced in the tcp8 tcp9 double mutant at late stage of infection by Psm ES4326, suggesting that TCP8 and TCP9 function redundantly in promoting ICS1 expression and SA biosynthesis (Wang et al.
Transcription of ICS1 and PR1 in wild type and mutants of Arabidopsis... Download Scientific
ICS1 expression is also positively regulated by both ICS1 downstream and the CBP60g transcription factor (Zhang et al., 2014). Because both CAMTA3 and CBP60g have CaM binding domains, it has been demonstrated that Ca 2+ signals regulate the network of EDS1 and ICS1 expression and their downstream response (Zhang et al., 2014).
A core function of EDS1 with PAD4 is to protect the salicylic acid defense sector in Arabidopsis
ICS1 and PR1 hybridization levels were normalized to those obtained for the loading control UBQ5. ICS1- and ICS2-specific primers corresponded to the 3โฒ-untranslated region.
Frontiers Salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species interplay in the transcriptional control
ICS-200 Basic Incident Command System for Initial Response: This independent study course is designed to enable personnel to operate efficiently during an incident or event within the ICS. ICS-200 provides training and resources for personnel who are likely to assume a supervisory position within the ICS. IS-800 National Response Framework (NRF.
OTS1 and 2 restrict ICS1 gene expression. qPCR gene expression... Download Scientific Diagram
Because ICS1 expression is crucial for SA production 21 and is downregulated at elevated temperature 15, we next tested whether downregulated ICS1 (Fig. 1b) is the rate-limiting step controlling.
Frontiers Salicylic Acid and Nitric Oxide Insight Into the Transcriptional Regulation of
Pathogen-induced SA synthesis mainly occurs in the chloroplast via the activity of ICS1 (14, 15).Correlating with the increase in SA levels, expression of ICS1 is induced both locally and systemically ().Therefore, it is hypothesized that the transcriptional regulation of ICS1 is a key step in activating defense responses in plants such as tobacco and Arabidopsis.
Sequence and dicistronic analysis of selected sequence ICS123. (A)... Download Scientific Diagram
Similar to plants with defects in ICS1 and EDS5 (), plants carrying mutations in the avrPphB SUSCEPTIBLE3 (PBS3) gene also show reduced accumulation of SA in response to pathogens (7-9). PBS3 belongs to the GH3 acyl-adenylase gene family, whose founding member JASMONIC ACID RESPONSE1 (JAR1; AtGH3.11) catalyzes conjugation of isoleucine to jasmonic acid, yielding the active hormone conjugate.
PBZ treatment increased ICS activity and mRNA level of ICS1. a... Download Scientific Diagram
The expression of ICS1 is rapidly induced upon pathogen infection, which dramatically increases the SA levels. In recent reviews [2,42], a large number of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators were identified that affect ICS1. Furthermore, EDS5 and PBS3 were strongly induced during infection.
ICS1 mediates SAdependent LAR and SAR defence responses.a, ICS1, total... Download Scientific
The basal transcript levels of PAD4 (phytoalexin deficient 4), ICS1 (isochorismate synthase 1), and CHS (chalcone synthase) were higher in the phyAphyBphyC mutant than in the wild-type plants and in new leaves than in the old leaves (Figure 6A and 6B), suggesting down-regulation of these genes by leaf age and phytochromes.
NTL9 is responsible for the flg22triggered induction of ICS1 ( A ) ,... Download Scientific
Salicylic acid (SA) is an important mediator of plant defense response. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), this compound was proposed to derive mainly from isochorismate, itself produced from chorismate through the activity of ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE1 (ICS1).Null ics1 mutants still accumulate some SA, suggesting the existence of an enzymatic activity redundant with ICS1 or of an alternative.
Expression of ICS1, PDF1.2 and PAP5 in wildtype and pap51 plants... Download Scientific Diagram
Isochorismate synthase 1 (ICS1) is a crucial enzyme in the salicylic acid (SA) synthesis pathway, and thus it is important for immune defences. The ics1 mutant is used in experiments on plant-pathogen interactions, and ICS1 is required for the appropriate hypersensitive disease defence response. How.
CHE regulates the circadian oscillations of ICS1 transcript and SA... Download Scientific Diagram
For this, we introduced an ics1 (sid2) mutation into the single-module (pad4 a3, sag101 n2) and cross-module (pad4 n2 and sag101 a3) mutant backgrounds (Fig. 2a).
Frontiers Salicylic acid signal transduction the initiation of biosynthesis, perception and
NOS101, a basal promoter of the nopaline synthase gene (โ101 to +4); ICS1-56, a 56 bp fragment from the ChIP-Seq peak region in ICS1 promoter; ICS1-56m and ICS1-56m2, mutant versions of ICS1-56.
Analysis of salicylic acid (SA) and ICS1 transcripts in double and... Download Scientific Diagram
sid2-1 suppresses the cell death and resistance phenotypes of pen3-1, allowing E. cichoracearum to conidiate Phenotype curated by ABRC. broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance Phenotype curated by ABRC. Reduced SA accumulation in response to pathogens, reduced pathogenesis-related gene expression, and enhanced susceptibility to pathogens.